Social Capital and Violence across Racial and Ethnic Samples of Adolescents

Using a national sample of adolescents, results of this study demonstrate the important role family and school social capital plays in protecting both White and selected nonWhite students against violent outcomes. For example, parent-child relationship was associated with reduced violence for Black and White adolescents but not for Hispanics. School affi liation was signifi cant in models for Hispanic and White adolescents but not in models for Black students. Sports participation was associated with greater violence among Hispanics and Whites, but not Blacks. Interestingly, club participation was signifi cant for Whites, but, like sports, it was associated with greater violence. Parental monitoring and religious participation were signifi cant only for Whites while neighbor involvement was signifi cant only for Blacks.